Abstract
This study analyzed the current state of technical development of the BF-based process, to determine ways to reduce carbon consumption. The technical features of the hydrogen reduction ironmaking process were also examined as a decarbonized ironmaking method, and related issues that should be considered when converting to hydrogen reduction are..... More

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the phase formation behavior of the FeSe₂-FeTe₂ system and the evolution of their thermoelectric transport properties. A series of Fe(Se_1-xTe_x)₂(x = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8 and 1) compounds were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction. Single phase orthorhombic structures were formed, except for FeSe_0.4Te_1.6(x = 0.2)...... More

Abstract
Hydrogen flowing into a weld causes hydrogen embrittlement (HE), so to prevent cold cracks in the weld, HE must be suppressed. In this study, single-pass fillet weldments were fabricated using two different welding fillers with the same strength level as the American Welding Society standard. The specimen F-HNi, which had..... More

Abstract
Spent electroplating solutions contain small amounts of Pd(II). Cementation of Pd(II) with zinc metal powder is practiced to concentrate the Pd. Dissolution of the cemented Pd metal is necessary to recover pure Pd metal or compounds. In this work, the leaching behavior of Pd metal in inorganic acid solutions (hydrochloric..... More

Abstract
Because of their superior optical, and electrical properties, lead halide perovskites have emerged as potential materials for light-emitting-diodes. However, some obstacles have yet to be overcome for practical applications including low exciton binding energy, the difficulty of fabricating uniform perovskite films,, and their instability to heat, light, and moisture. In..... More

Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) simultaneously exhibits semiconducting and piezoelectric properties. ZnO in the form of nanorods has been studied intensively for application in self-powering devices. The power generation in piezoelectric nanogenerators based on ZnO nanorods can be improved via several approaches, including an oxygen plasma treatment. When ZnO nanorods are exposed..... More

Abstract
Transition-metal-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted substantial attention as highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts because they are earth-abundant, low-cost, and environmentally friendly materials with favorable adsorption/desorption energies for intermittent reactants. However, the application of these LDHs as high-performance electrocatalysts is often hindered by their relatively sluggish electronic..... More

Abstract
Using thermoelectric refrigerators can address climate change because they do not utilize harmful greenhouse gases as refrigerants. To compete with current vapor compression cycle refrigerators, the thermoelectric performance of materials needs to be improved. However, improving thermoelectric performance is challenging because of the trade-off relationship between the Seebeck coefficient and..... More

Abstract
Solution-processed zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) have great potential uses in next-generation wearable and flexible electronic products. Zinc and tin precursor materials are naturally abundant and have low fabrication costs. To integrate a single ZTO TFT into logic circuits including inverters, NAND, and NOR gates will require the..... More

Abstract
Permingeatites Cu₃Sb_1−yGe_ySe₄ (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.14) were synthesized by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The charge-transport parameters (Hall coefficient, carrier concentration, mobility, and Lorenz number) and thermoelectric properties (electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, power factor, thermal conductivity, and figure of merit) were examined with respect to the Ge doping level...... More

Abstract
In recent years, human-convenient smart wearable devices have attracted considerable attention as emerging applications in smart healthcare systems, soft robotics, and human-machine interfaces. In particular, resistive film heaters with mechanical flexibility and excellent mechanical and electrothermal performance have recently been widely explored for wearable thermotherapy applications. Here, we present a..... More

Abstract
The effect of 3 forging routes (Route A - 1~12 passes by plane forging (PF) and reverse-plane forging (R-PF), Route B – 1~6 passes by PF and R-PF, 7~12 passes by diagonal forging (DF) and reversediagonal forging (R-DF), Route C – 1~12 passes by DF and R-DF) on maximum load..... More

Abstract
In this study, we report a methodology that simultaneously improved the corrosion resistance and visible transparency of ZnO/Cu/ZnO transparent heaters with the addition of reactively sputtered Al₂O₃ layers. To assess corrosion resistance, ZnO and Al₂O₃ layers with thicknesses in the range of 0-20 nm were deposited onto 20 nm-thick Cu..... More

Abstract
All solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are now anticipated to be an ultimate solution to the persistent safety issues of conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Contemporary society’s expanding power demands and growing energy consumption require energy storage with greater reliability, safety and capacity, which cannot be easily achieved with current state-of-the-art liquid-electrolyte-based LIBs...... More

Abstract
Inkjet printing is a very attractive technology for printed electronics and a potential alternative to current high cost and multi-chemical lithography processes, for display and other applications in the electronics field. Inkjet technology can be employed to fabricate organic light emitting diodes (OLED), quantum dots displays, and thin-film transistors (TFTs)...... More

Abstract
W-containing Ti-6Al-4V alloys (W=0, 1, and 5 wt%) were fabricated by the powder injection molding process, and the corresponding effects of tungsten content on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloys were investigated. The alloy powders were sintered at 1200 °C and then hot-isostatically-pressed at 900 °C. The fabricated..... More

Abstract
We attempted to classify the microstructural images of spheroidal graphite cast iron and grey cast iron using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. The CNN comprised four combinations of convolution and pooling layers followed by two fully-connected layers. Numerous microscopic images of each cast iron were prepared to train and..... More

Abstract
The metallurgical aspects of weld cracking in Ni-based superalloys remain relatively unexplored in existing research. The present study performed comprehensive metallurgical and manufactural investigations into the weldability of an Ni-based superalloy, CM247LC, from the viewpoint of the liquation cracking behavior and its susceptibility. Metallurgical solutions to suppress the liquation-cracking susceptibility..... More

Abstract
This study proposed a constitutive equation to predict the change in yield strength according to the behavior of β″ metastable precipitates, which have a profound effect on strength among materials precipitated during the T6 heat treatment of Al-Mg-Si alloy. The β″ precipitate is a metastable phase before it becomes a..... More